June is recognised as Men’s Health Month, yet many South African men still avoid visiting healthcare facilities. Professional nurse Nhlanhla Mofokeng spoke to the African Reporter about the reasons why so many men delay seeking medical attention or avoid regular health screenings.Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!
Mofokeng cited a combination of social, psychological, and systemic factors—including societal norms around masculinity, perceived inconvenience, denial and fear, unfamiliarity with the health system, lack of awareness, and broader cultural and socioeconomic challenges.
“Many men ignore or delay treatment for health issues until the condition has advanced,” she said. “In my unit alone, we see numerous cases of young men who have attempted to take their own lives.”
Changing this pattern, Mofokeng said, requires breaking through cultural, emotional, and systemic barriers. Strategies include changing the narrative around masculinity, involving loved ones in healthcare decisions, making clinics more accessible and less intimidating, using relatable male role models, and empowering male healthcare workers to lead by example.
“I believe recognising warning signs early is one of the best ways to prevent serious illness or death,” she said. “Many men downplay symptoms, but certain red flags should never be ignored—regardless of age or lifestyle.”
Mofokeng listed the following symptoms men should take seriously:
• Chest pain or discomfort
• Shortness of breath
• Sudden confusion, difficulty speaking, or facial drooping
• Unexplained weight loss
• Constant fatigue
• Changes in bowel or bladder habits
• Erectile dysfunction
• Lumps or swelling in the testicles
• Persistent cough or hoarseness
• Mood changes or withdrawal
She also emphasised the severity of South Africa’s TB crisis.
“Unexplained weight loss, coughing for more than two weeks, night sweats, and loss of appetite could be signs of TB. Clinics offer TB testing and treatment, but men often don’t know these services exist,” she said.
Mofokeng stressed that many men are unaware of the wide range of services available at public health facilities, contributing to low utilisation.
“Men can access general medical services, male-specific health checks, cancer screenings, mental health support, sexual and reproductive healthcare, diagnostic tests, preventative care, and emergency services,” she explained.
She also highlighted several commonly overlooked or ignored health concerns among men:
Commonly overlooked men’s health issues:
• Cardiovascular disease: Men often dismiss chest pain or shortness of breath. High blood pressure—known as the “silent killer”—is frequently undiagnosed.
• Mental health issues: Depression, anxiety, and stress are heavily stigmatised. Men may express emotional distress through anger, substance use, or withdrawal. Suicide rates are notably high among older and middle-aged men.
• Diabetes: Symptoms such as fatigue, frequent urination, and slow-healing wounds are often attributed to aging. Type 2 diabetes can go undiagnosed for years without regular screening.
• Obesity and poor nutrition: Many men overlook gradual weight gain and poor dietary habits. Obesity increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
• Prostate issues: Urinary problems like frequent urination or weak flow are often ignored. Conditions such as prostate cancer and BPH are common, yet screenings are neglected.
• Testicular issues: Testicular cancer mainly affects younger men, but self-exams are rare. Many avoid discussing lumps or swelling due to embarrassment.
• Erectile dysfunction: ED is often seen as a threat to masculinity, but it can be a warning sign of heart disease, diabetes, or hormonal issues.
• Substance abuse: Men are more likely to engage in high-risk alcohol or drug use and less likely to seek help. These behaviours are often coping mechanisms.
• Colon cancer: Fear or embarrassment about colonoscopies prevents many from getting screened. Yet colon cancer is highly treatable if caught early.
• Injuries and risky behaviour: Younger men, in particular, are more prone to reckless behaviour and often ignore injuries that may lead to chronic health problems.
“Improving men’s health starts with awareness and support,” Mofokeng concluded. “If we can create safe spaces for men to speak, get informed, and seek help without shame, we can save lives.”
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